• Cubic Inch Displacement:
  CID = bore x bore x stroke x 0.7854 x # of cylinders
• Horsepower = (RPM x torque)/5,252
• Torque = (5,252 x HP)/RPM
• Valve Area = valve diameter x valve diameter x 0.7854
• Rod Ratio = rod length/crank stroke length
• Average Piston Speed = crank stroke x RPM/6
• Rear Gear Ratio = (RPM at finish line x tire diameter)/(MPH x 336)
• Volume (cc's) of Deck Clearance = bore x bore x 12.87 x depth of deck clearance
• Volume (cc's) of Head Gasket = bore x bore x 12.87 x thickness of head gasket

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• Compression Ratio = (comb chamber cc's + gasket cc's +deck CI cc's + (displacement x *2.0483)
                                                      comb chamber cc's + gasket cc's + deck CI cc's
             
                                          * = 2.0483 for 8-cyl    * = 2.7311 for 6-cyl    * = 4.0967 for 4-cyl

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• Circumference = π x diameter
• Area of Circle = π x radius x radius
• Volume of a Cylinder = π x radius x radius x height
  
                  π = 3.1416

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Weights:

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Metric and Standard Conversion

The metric system is a decimal system of measurements used in scientific work for measuring length, weight, and volume. These basic units are modified with prefixes to express the units as larger or smaller quantities. Some of the common prefixes are:

Kilo: one thousand (1000)
Deci: one-tenth (0.1)
Centi: one-hundredth (0.01)
Milli: one-thousandth (0.001)
Micro: one-millionth (0.000001)

Length:

        1 Kilometer (km) = 1,000 meters = 3,280.83 feet = .6215 miles
        1 meter (m) = 100 centimeters = 39.37 inches = 1.09 yards
        1 decimeter (dm) = 3.937 inches
        1 centimeter (cm) = .3937 inches

        1 mile = 1.609 kilometers
        1 yard = .91 meters
        1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
        1 inch = 25.4 millimeters

Mass:

        1 kilogram (KG) = 1,000 grams (g) = 2.205 pounds
        1 pound = 453.6 grams
        1 gram = 1,000 milligrams (mg)
        kilograms x 2.20 = pounds
        1 ounce = 28.35 grams
        pounds / 2.20 = kilograms

Volume:

        1 liter (l) = 1,000 cubic centimeters (cc) = 61.025 cubic inches
        1 cubic inch = 16.387 cubic centimeters

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BOLTS AND TORQUE SPECS

U.S. BOLT GRADES

SAE 2	SAE 5	SAE 7	SAE 8

U.S. BOLT TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
Torque in pounds-foot